Piezoelectric resonant power generator

ABSTRACT

A power generation system includes a piezoelectric component, a resilient stress inducer in operable communication with the piezoelectric component, and an actuator in operable communication with the resilient stress inducer to energize and release the resilient stress inducer and method for generating power.

BACKGROUND

For nearly a century, pump jacks have been used in the production of hydrocarbons from downhole formations. Such jacks are seen atop many oil fields, their rhythmic movements common. It is well known how the pump jacks work, which is by moving sucker rods up and down within the wellbore. For the same near century, the pumps have worked very well doing precisely that, pumping.

More modern well systems while still employing pump jacks also are instrumented extensively downhole. This requires substantial amounts of available power in the downhole environment. Power is for the most part delivered from the surface but due to the small amount of available space in the hole, allocation of such space is a source of trepidation. Since the hydrocarbon recovery art is always in search of improved means to produce hydrocarbons, any reduction in components needed within the cross-section of the wellbore would be well received.

SUMMARY

A power generation system includes a piezoelectric component, a resilient stress inducer in operable communication with the piezoelectric component, and an actuator in operable communication with the resilient stress inducer to energize and release the resilient stress inducer.

A method for generating power in a wellbore includes moving an actuator, inducing an oscillating stress on a piezoelectric component with the actuator, and generating a voltage with the piezoelectric component in response to the induced stress on the piezoelectric component.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Referring now to the drawings wherein like elements are numbered alike in the several Figures:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a pump jack;

FIGS. 2-6 are each schematic views of a piezoelectric power generation arrangement utilizing the pump jacks in different positions.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to enhance understanding of the invention applicants have elected to describe briefly the components of the tool followed by a discussion of its operation.

Referring to FIG. 1, a pump jack 10 is illustrated schematically. One of skill in the art will recognize a walking beam 12 and sucker rod 14 extending into a wellbore 16. The pump jack 10 as is known, reciprocates the sucker rod up and down in the wellbore. The sucker rod 14 of the pump jack is the only portion of the pump jack that is modified in connection with the invention and therefore other components of the pump jack need not be described in detail. Also to be noted is that although a pump jack is utilized herein as a source of movement, other sources of similar movement could be substituted while maintaining the benefits of the inventive concept.

Referring to FIG. 2, a power generation arrangement 20 for use in combination with a reciprocating source such as a pump jack is illustrated. The arrangement includes a housing 22, within which is disposed at least one piezoelectric component 24 which may be a single piezoelectric element or a plurality of elements in a stack. The component 24 is in physical force transmission contact with a resilient member (stress inducer) 26, illustrated as a coil spring, but could be any device similarly capable of oscillatory movement. Spring 26 is in operable communication with a magnetic element 28, which may be a rare earth magnet or may simply be a ferrous element. The magnetic element 28 is also in operable communication with another resilient member 30 (also illustrated as a coil spring for convenience but as noted for spring 26, other devices capable of oscillatory movement are equally applicable). Spring 30 may be the same or different from spring 26, providing that the desired oscillatory motion of magnetic element 28 and associated mechanical compression of component 24 is preserved. Spring 30 is bounded by a compression cap 32 in the illustrated embodiment but could alternatively be bounded by another piezoelectric component (not shown) that essentially would be a mirror image of the component 24. In such an arrangement, power generation would occur based upon movement of the magnetic element 28 in both axial directions.

Through an inside dimension of all of the foregoing components is at least one sucker rod 14 or sucker rod extension 34 having at least one magnetic element 36 disposed thereat. Magnetic element 36 may be a magnet or simply a ferrous element providing that either it or the magnetic element 28 is in fact a magnet. At least one of the two magnetic elements 28 and 36 must provide a magnetic field for operability of the invention. It is to be noted that the sucker rod 34 is used in an exemplary manner and is not a limitation of the invention. Any support for the magnetic element 36 that is an oscillatory structure itself is substitutable. Magnetic element 36, if indeed a magnet, is to be attractively polarized relative to magnetic element 28 such that a strong attractive force is generated between the magnetic elements. Further noted is that at portions of the sucker rod 34 other than at the at least one magnetic element 36, there is disposed a non-magnetic sleeve 38. Sleeve 38 that functions to align the magnetic elements and the sucker rod to ensure that they remain non-contacting in nature thereby reducing frictional losses otherwise caused by magnetic attraction of the magnetic element 28 to the sucker rod 34, which is usually a metal, or actual contact between magnetic elements 28 and 36.

As one of skill in the art should recognize the sucker rod 34 moves up and down pursuant to the motion of the walking beam pictured in FIG. 1. This movement is harnessed as taught herein not only for its original purpose of pumping stubborn well fluids to the surface but to generate power for downhole devices as well.

Referring to FIGS. 2-6 as a sequence of drawings showing the device in different positions, the operation thereof will become clearer. As magnetic element 36 draws nearer magnetic element 28 the attractive magnetic fields they exhibit (or one field attracting the ferrous element of the other) begin to draw magnetic element 28 toward magnetic element 36, to some extent overcoming spring 26 in compression and spring 30 in tension. This movement of magnetic element 28 will impart a compressive load, through spring 26 to component 24 thereby creating an electrical potential in component 24. Since the magnetic element 36 is moving towards magnetic element 28, it should be understood that the magnitude of the compressive load on the component 24 for this movement is small and consequently the potential generated is small. As the sucker rod continues, its movement uphole and as illustrated in FIG. 3, the magnetic elements 28 and 36 align and thereby are at the highest attractive force therebetween. Yet farther uphole movement of sucker rod 34 draws magnetic element 28 to compress spring 30 while extending spring 28. This continues, since the magnetic elements are engineered to have a greater attractive force to each other than the springs 26 and 30 have spring force to separate them, until the spring 30 is substantially maximally compressed. After such compression, illustrated in FIG. 4, magnetic element 36 is moved farther uphole with sucker rod 34 thereby misaligning the magnetic elements and thus reducing the attractive forces therebetween. At a point, the attractive force between magnetic element 28 and magnetic element 36 is overcome by the spring force of springs 30 and 26. As this occurs, springs 30 and 26 propel magnetic element 28 back toward component 24 as illustrated in FIG. 6. This motion, as one of skill in the art should appreciate, presents a relatively large compressive load on the component 24 thereby generating a large electrical potential. Further, because of the springs of 30 and 26, the magnetic element 28 will oscillate causing a number of compressions on the component 24, each developing an electrical potential. Since the oscillations diminish in magnitude with each cycle, the compressive load is also reduced but some of the benefit is still achieved by oscillatory motion until magnetic element 28 is magnetically “bound” again to magnetic element 36 (or another similar magnetic element if the sucker rod stroke is long enough to create multiple actuations due to magnetic interaction using multiple magnetic elements 36). A capacitor 40 is electrically connected to the piezoelectric component 24 to store the potential generated by the disclosed system for use when needed.

As was noted hereinabove, a pump jack is but one source of movement for a system such as that disclosed. Further, and also as noted, in an alternative embodiment, compression cap 32 could be substituted by an additional piezoelectric component so that oscillatory compressive loading on both springs 30 and 26 will produce potentials. This will increase available power downhole from the system as described. In addition hereto, rapid unloading of the component 24 will create a voltage as well. This voltage may be made usable by employing a rectifier bridge 42 in the electrical circuit connected to the component 24.

While preferred embodiments have been shown and described, modifications and substitutions may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is to be understood that the present invention has been described by way of illustrations and not limitation. 

1. A power generation system comprising: a piezoelectric component; a resilient stress inducer in operable communication with the piezoelectric component; and an actuator in operable communication with the resilient stress inducer to energize and release the resilient stress inducer.
 2. The power generation system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the resilient stress inducer imparts a compressive stress on the piezoelectric component.
 3. The power generation system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the system further includes a capacitor electrically connected to the piezoelectric component to store potential energy generated by the piezoelectric component.
 4. The power generation system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the resilient stress inducer is a coil spring.
 5. The power generation system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the system comprises a second resilient stress inducer arranged so as to place one of the resilient stress inducer and the second resilient stress inducer in compression while the other of the resilient stress inducer and the second resilient stress inducer is placed in tension.
 6. The power generation system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the resilient stress inducer imposes a mechanical stress on the piezoelectric component when under compression and when under tension.
 7. The power generation system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the system further comprises a magnetic element operably connected to the resilient stress inducer and which magnetically interfaces with the actuator.
 8. The power generation system as claimed in claim 7 wherein the actuator is a sucker rod manipulated by a pump jack, the sucker rod having a magnetic element thereon attractively polarized relative to the magnetic element connected to the resilient stress inducer.
 9. The power generation system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the piezoelectric component is two such components located spaced apart and axially aligned, the resilient stress inducer being disposed therebetween.
 10. A method for generating power in a wellbore comprising: moving an actuator; inducing an oscillating stress on a piezoelectric component with the actuator; and generating a voltage with the piezoelectric component in response to the induced stress on the piezoelectric component.
 11. The method of generating power in a wellbore of claim 10 wherein the inducing is by energizing a resilient stress inducer.
 12. The method of generating power in a wellbore of claim 11 wherein the method further comprises allowing the resilient stress inducer to oscillate after being released from energizing.
 13. The method of generating power in a wellbore of claim 12 wherein the oscillation of the resilient stress inducer causes mechanical stress on the piezoelectric component.
 14. The method of generating power in a wellbore of claim 10 wherein the method further includes storing the voltage generated.
 15. The method of generating power in a wellbore of claim 14 wherein the storing is in a capacitor electrically connected to the piezoelectric component.
 16. The method of generating power in a wellbore of claim 11 wherein the energizing is by moving a magnetic element to magnetically couple with another magnetic element in operable communication with the resilient stress inducer to one of compress or tension the resilient stress inducer.
 17. The method of generating power in a wellbore of claim 16 wherein the method comprising releasing the another magnetic element and allowing the magnetic element to oscillate on the resilient stress inducer to induce the stress on the piezoelectric component.
 18. A downhole power generation arrangement comprising: a housing; at least one first magnetic element disposed within the housing and axially oscillatorily movable within the housing; a first resilient stress inducer and a second resilient stress inducer axially aligned with the at least one magnetic element, the first resilient stress inducer extending in one direction from the at least one magnetic element and the second resilient stress inducer extending in an axially opposite direction from the at least one magnetic element; at least one piezoelectric component disposed in contact with one of the first and second resilient stress inducers; and an axially oscillatorily movable component in operable communication with the housing, the component including at least one second magnetic element thereat having an attractive polarity relative to the at least one first magnetic element. 